Chemistry
Vocabulary
1. Addition
is a type of reaction of a carbon compound in which the double bond is
saturated.
2. Alkanes
are saturated aliphatic hydrogencarbons.
3. Alkene
is an aliphatic hydrocarbon with one carbon-carbon double bond.
4. Alkyl
is a one-handed group derived from alkanes.
5. Alkano is the aliphatic hydrocarbon with a
triple carbon-carbon bond.
6. The atom
is the smallest part of the element involved in a chemical reaction and all
substances are composed of atoms in a particular composition.
7. Rule
(Law) Oktet is the tendency of elements to achieve the configuration of the
nearest noble gas octet.
8. Fossil
fuels are fuels derived from the remains of organisms.
9. The
oxidation number is the charge carried by an atom in a compound if all
elktron bonds are distributed to a more electronegative element.
10. The
degree of ionization is the ratio between the amount of the ionizing agent
and the amount of the original substance.
11.
Distillation
may be called a distillation that is a chemical separation method based on the
difference in velocity or volatility of materials
12.
Deamination
The process of removing amino groups from a molecule
13. Dehydrohalogenation
The reaction that causes the loss of hydrogen and halogen from a molecule
14.
Decarboxylation
The release reaction of CO2 molecules
15.
Denaturation
of Proteins The process of breaking or destruction of weak chemical bonds
in proteins due to certain treatments that cause destruction of quaternary,
tertiary structures and even secondary protein structures.
16.
Degree of
Dissociation Comparison of the amount of substances that decompose with the
amount of the substance initially
17. The
greenhouse effect is the nature of the atmosphere that can degrade visible
and ultraviolet radiation properties, but withstand infrared radiation.
18.
Electrolytes
That is a melt or a solution of substances that can conduct electricity.
19. Strong electrolytes are electrolytes
whose electrical conductivity is good despite its low relative concentration.
20.
The weak
electrolyte is an electrolyte whose electrical conductivity is relatively poor,
its concentration is relatively large.
21.
Electro
valence is an electron that can be used to form chemical bonds.
22. The law
of mass conservation The law which states that the mass of matter before and
after the reaction is fixed
23.
The law
of multiplier This law states that there can be two kinds of elements
forming two or more compounds, if the first element has the same mass, then the
second element in the compounds has a ratio as an integer and a simple
24. Electrochemical
Branch of science that studies the relationship of electrical energy with
chemical reactions
25.
Electroplating
The process of coating metal surfaces with other metals
26.
Colloid
emulsion formed by a dispersed liquid phase in a liquid dispersing medium
27. Colloidal
Emulsions Colloid composed by a liquid dispersed phase in a solid
dispersant medium
28. Activation
Energy The minimum kinetic energy that must be owned or given to the
particle for its collision to produce a reaction
29. Energy
Bond Energy needed to break the bonds between atoms from one mole of the
compound in the form of gas and generated gas atoms
30.
Ionization
Energy The lowest energy that an atom needs to be able to release its
valence electrons
31.
Enthalpy
The energy content of a substance at a fixed pressure
32. Entalpy
Disalpi The enthalpy of the dissolution reaction from one mole of the
compound into the solvent and into a dilute solution
33. Enthalpy Burning Entalpi combustion
reaction is perfectly one mole of compound with oxygen
34. Enthalpy The formation of enthalpy of
reaction formation of one mole of the compound of its elements
35. Decomposition
enthalpy The enthalpy of decomposition reaction from one mole of the
compound into its elements
36.
Enzymes
One or several polypeptide (protein) groups that act as catalysts
37.
Formaldehyde
The simplest compound of aldehydes
38.
Enzyme
phosphatase that catalyzes the phosphate group release reaction of a compound
39. Phosphofructokinase Enzyme that
catalyzes 6-phosphorylation of fructose into fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
40. Mol Fig. Numbers
that express the ratio of the number of moles of solute and solvent in a
solution
